Demosthenes and Athenian Finance

Demosthenes (384-322 BC) was a prominent Athenian statesman and orator known for his powerful speeches and influence on Athenian politics. Born into a wealthy family, he overcame personal challenges including a speech impediment to become a master orator. His career included both private legal cases and public political speeches.

The oration "Against Lacritus," composed by Demosthenes for an Athenian named Androcles, is significant as it provides insight into the legal and economic systems of ancient Athens. It involves a maritime loan agreement where Androcles sought to recover money lent for a trading voyage that was not repaid as agreed. This oration is especially notable for containing the only surviving maritime loan contract from the period, illustrating the complexities of commercial law and the legal mechanisms supporting commercial ventures.